A RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF NEOPLASTIC AND NON-NEOPLASTIC PATHOLOGIES IN NON-PREGNANCY ENDOMETRIAL TISSUE SAMPLES AND A LITERATURE REVIEW

Objective: This study retrospectively examined patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. Based on the histopathological and clinical characteristics of the obtained data, we sought a statistical answer to the question “Do age, material type, clinical findings, clinical preliminary, and histopathological diagnosis parameters differ from the literature findings?” Material and Methods: A total of 2,000 endometrial samples were reviewed and filtered according to the appropriate parameters collected within 5 years (2017-2022). The statistical significance of the data was measured using the chi-square test. Results: The study included 1,815 patients aged 19 to 86 years. Indications for endometrial sampling were classified as menometr-orrhagia/menorrhagia (49.2%), endometrial polyp (19.5%), postmenopausal bleeding (18%), endometrial hyperplasia (14.6%), and leiomyoma (2.8%). Patients were grouped by menstrual status: premenopausal (51.6%, under 45 years), perimenopausal (25.39%, aged 45-51), and postmenopausal (22.97%, aged 51 and above). Histopathological findings showed benign pathologies including endometrial polyp (61.9%), proliferative/secretory endometrium (12%), atrophic endometrium (6.6%), and chronic endometritis (0.2%). The pre-malignant findings were endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (9%) and atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium (0.6%). Malignant findings included adenocarcinoma (1.2%). Conclusion: An in-depth answer was challenging due to insufficient data documentation in the current practice. Nevertheless, we have presented the concordance for the four major pathologies and their distribution in the patient population. Our study has shown that endometrial polyps are the pathology most frequently diagnosed correctly. Our study detected endometrial cancer predominantly in the postmenopausal group, emphasising the importance of endometrial sampling in this group. This aligns with the existing literature.