Enhancing Anti-Angiogenic Therapy With Bevacizumab-Based Nanoflowers through the Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

The development of innovative cancer therapies remains a critical priority, particularly those targeting angiogenesis—a key driver of tumor growth and metastasis. This study introduces bevacizumab-loaded nanoflowers (Beva-NF) as a novel strategy to enhance the anti-VEGF activity of bevacizumab through a targeted nanostructure-based delivery system. Beva-NFs were synthesized using a modified one-pot method and characterized via SEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and histogram analysis confirming their morphology, composition, and successful drug integration. To evaluate their anti-angiogenic potential, we employed the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, an alternative in vivo model. Beva-NF treatment significantly reduced neovascularization compared to free Beva. At 0.125 mg/mL, Beva-NF decreased total vessel length by 52%, vessel area by 48%, and branching points by 55% relative to control (p < 0.05), whereas free Beva at the same dose reduced these parameters by 28%, 25%, and 31%, respectively (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that embedding bevacizumab into nanoflowers (NF) enhances its anti-angiogenic activity in the CAM model. While the findings suggest that nanostructure-based presentation may improve the local biological performance of bevacizumab, the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay does not permit conclusions regarding clinical efficacy. Further in vivo studies are required to assess systemic safety, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic relevance. Overall, this work highlights the preclinical potential of NF-mediated antibody delivery for future exploration in nanomedicine.