Search for Higgs boson pair production in association with top-quark pairs using 196 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at s=13 and 13.6 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents the first search for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in association with a top-quark pair (tt¯HH) using proton–proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 196 fb⁻¹, comprising 140 fb⁻¹ at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV and 56 fb⁻¹ at 13.6 TeV. The search targets three distinct final states expected from tt¯HH decays: (i) one lepton (electron or muon) with at least five b-quarks, (ii) at least two b-quarks accompanied by two leptons with the same electric charges or multiple leptons, and (iii) at least three b-quarks with two photons. The tt¯HH production cross-section, relative to its Standard Model prediction, is measured to be μtt¯HH=−3−12+11. This result corresponds to a 95% confidence-level upper limit of 20 times the Standard Model prediction for the tt¯HH production cross-section, with an expected limit of 21. The Higgs effective field theory Wilson coefficient ctt¯HH is also constrained at the same confidence level to the range of −3.9<ctt¯HH<3.3, compared with the expected range of −4.0<ctt¯HH<3.5.