Cedrus libani A. Rich

Cedrus is a vital member of the Pinaceae family, with elegant, decorative, evergreen, high, and monoecious conifer members that grow widely on mountains, particularly in the South, Southeast Mediterranean, and Western Himalaya. Cedrus libani (A. Rich), one of the four species, is currently found in only a few locations around the Eastern Mediterranean. It is a biologically significant species with one of the earliest ethnobotanical values in history of mankind, and it still attracts attention due to the ethnobotanical uses prevalent in its expanding range. Numerous studies on various parts of Cedrus libani shed light on its chemical composition (mostly terpenic structures) and pharmacological properties (anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, wound healing, and cytotoxic activities); however, there are undoubtedly many more discoveries to be made with further studies.