Hematological neoplastic disorders with chromosome 3 abnormalities

Introduction: Conventional karyotyping in the patients with haematological malignancies is very important. Because chromosomal abnormalities which detected in these patients have diagnostic and prognostic value. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the patients with hematologic malignancy having chromosome 3 abnormalities which are rare. Method: Conventional cytogenetic analysis were done from bone marrow samples of patients. Samples were treated with trypsin and stained with Giemsa (GTG banding). 20 metaphases of each patient were examined and karyotypes were formed. Results: Among the 6865 patients analysed via conventional cytogenetic methods, 701 (10.2%) were found as pathological and 39 (5.5%) of those were found to have chromosome 3 abnormalities. The most common neoplastic diseases observed in patients which have chromosomes 3 abnormalities were Multiple Myeloma and Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (25.6% each), Myelodysplastic Syndrome (20.5%), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (12.8%), Lymphoma (12.8%) and Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (2.6%). Numerical chromosomes 3 abnormalities were 53.8% and structural chromosomal abnormalities were 43.5%. Complex karyotypes were 87.1% of all chromosome 3 abnormalities in our group. Conclusion: Chromosome 3 anomalies are seen less frequently in hematologic malignancies. Patients have both numerical and structural chromosome 3 anomalies and these anomalies are mostly found in complex karyotype. With 76.6% mortality rate, in our group chromosome 3 abnormalities were found to relate with unfavorable prognosis.